BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Primary health care is often regarded as the most cost-effective method for providing essential health services, such as maternity and infant mortality reduction (Olusegun 2019). According to Hamilton (2018), primary health care "addresses the community's fundamental health concerns by providing promotive, preventative, curative, and rehabilitative treatments; it depends on health professionals, including doctors, nurses, midwives, auxiliaries, and community workers as applicable, as well as traditional practitioners when required, who are sufficiently prepared socially and technically to function as a health team and react appropriately."
According to Etim (2018), the primary health care (PHC) objective was to provide universal access to health care by the year 2000 and beyond. This has not yet occurred in Nigeria, and it is unlikely that it will within the next decade. Mission of the PHC is to offer basic health care to the global population. Despite the development of basic health care facilities in both rural and urban areas of Nigeria in an effort to provide equality and accessibility, rural Nigerians continue to be considerably neglected compared to their urban counterparts. As almost two-thirds of Nigerians reside in rural areas, they need access to all PHC components (Etim 2018).
Everyone in Nigeria has a fundamental right to excellent health. Although primary health care (PHC) clinics are pretty equally distributed throughout Nigeria's local government areas (LGAs), rural communities generally underutilize fundamental health services. A scarcity of health professionals may be responsible for the continued low usage of PHC services. According to Olusegun (2019), responsible health workers may help establish a new social order based on enhanced equality and human dignity in which health for all, especially rural people, by 2015 will no longer be a pipe dream. Capacity development and community empowerment via orientation, mobilization, and community organization in terms of training, information sharing, and continuing conversation might assist rural residents in more successfully using PHC services.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
According to Abubakar, Basiru, Oluyemi, et al. (2019), the prevalent child death rate in developing nations is because many individuals, particularly rural residents, do not have access to health care facilities, and for those who do, the cost is often quite expensive. In Nigeria, poor antenatal care (ANC) practices, lack of access, and inadequate health systems are primarily responsible for the low child health status and limited adoption of measures aimed to increase excellent baby delivery. Poverty and ignorance, which account for women's inability to receive vital ANC services and counseling on important safety precautions, medications, and other treatments such as ITN usage, exacerbate the issue (Onokerhoraye, 2000). In many instances, medical facilities are few and sparsely distributed. In difficult-to-reach rural locations with challenging terrain and a poor road network, modern health services are luxuries that residents cannot afford, even if they want them (Uzochukwu, Ughasoro, Etiaba, Okwuosa, Envuladu, Onwujekwe 2019). Attendance in antenatal clinics (ANC) is very low due to a multitude of personal and logistical obstacles women face, particularly in terms of distance, means of transportation, and occasionally staff attitude. Moreover, the expense of health care is often prohibitively expensive for the average person.
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